Rabe, M.; Stoldt, J.; Straßburger, S.; Viebahn, C.: Classification, Input Data, and Key Performance Indicators In: Rabe, M.; von Viebahn, C.; Straßburger, S.; Wenzel, S.: Energy-related Material Flow Simulation in Production and Logistics. Cham: Springer International, 2024, S. 3-23.

Simulation is a well-known technology for production and logistics, especial-ly for the planning of new Systems and the examination of ideas to optimize existing ones. In the past, the main target of such studies has been costs of equipment and personnel, but the continuously stricter view on consumption of energy has shifted this focus towards the analysis of energy consumption and emission of greenhouse gas. In some cases this might be straight forward, e.g., when the resulting production hours can just be multiplied with energy consumption per hour. Many cases, however, are far more complicated and can only be sufficiently analyzed when the detailed dynamics of energy con-sumption is already considered in the simulation model. Thus, a number of different approaches exist to model energy aspects in simulation models, de-pending on the goal of the investigation and the kind of production or logis-tics process. This chapter classifies these approaches in a morphological box and explains the details of the related categories. Furthermore, it discusses the requirements to input data that raise when simulation models are amended with energy components, and discusses the additional results that can be gained from such models.